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钛矿太阳能电池领域取得重要进展k8凯发国际入口中国科大在钙

2024-08-25 15:05:48 来源于:凯发k8国际-凯发旗舰厅ag入口

  图注▷■▽■□◇:(a) METEM分子通过与钙钛矿层和氧化锡层同时作用●▷-,诱导钙钛矿沿(100)晶面择优取向生长示意图◇★★◆。(b)METEAM掺杂前(control)●◁◇▷、后(target)的钙钛矿薄膜(100)和(111)晶面强度比值△□○。(c)METEAM掺杂前后钙钛矿太阳能电池J-V曲线○☆▽★●。

  具有高效▲○★◇○▪、低成本和可溶液加工等特点★▷▼•◁,钙钛矿的结晶取向已被证明是决定钙钛矿太阳能电池器件效率的关键因素之一▷▽◆▼。不同晶面产生的光电流大小为(100)(111)(110)▲•★•,影响n-i-p结构钙钛矿太阳能电池器件性能的另一个关键因素为钙钛矿/氧化锡层的埋底界面★▷☆▷…=,另一方面▼○▷☆=•,同时实现择优结晶取向和良好埋底界面的策略主要依赖于引入额外的界面钝化层▲●▽○,

  该论文的共同第一作者为中国科学技术大学已毕业博士李行成和博士研究生高爽■▲•●•□,通讯作者为中国科学技术大学杨上峰教授☆▷●■○◇、香港城市大学朱宗龙教授和深圳技术大学肖爽副教授▽▼…■-。该项研究得到了国家自然科学基金委◁•、中国科学院先导专项和中央高校基本科研业务费等基金资助■□▷。

  针对上述问题k8凯发国际入口◁▼,研究团队发展了一种简便有效的方法◆▲◁▼-•,通过在钙钛矿前驱体溶液中添加双功能配体2-(甲基硫代)盐酸乙胺(简称为METEAM)▪□◁,不仅诱导(100)取向的钙钛矿薄膜结晶生长k8凯发国际入口▼…=▽•,同时改善了钙钛矿/氧化锡层的埋底界面•-▷。METEAM分子通过与钙钛矿晶格的强相互作用◆▪▲,优先吸附在钙钛矿的(100)晶面上○…▽●,从而降低了(100)晶面的形成能★▪▪◇▷☆,获得了(100)择优晶面取向的钙钛矿薄膜=▼○。同时▲△,METEAM分子可以自发地聚集在钙钛矿/氧化锡层的埋底界面▪△●■,作为钙钛矿和氧化锡电子传递层之间的桥梁●☆•,从而双向钝化钙钛矿和氧化锡层的缺陷▪□•=。值得一提的是•△•,此前文献中的报道的大部分添加剂仅具有单一功能(如调控钙钛矿晶体的成核和生长)▽▪▼,而METEAM添加剂的双功能来自于其■-▷•“头部■-•□”的胺阳离子(-NH3+)和••☆◇“尾部◁□●”的硫甲基(-SCH3)▼-▷低碳 “风光”里涌动,,分别与钙钛矿中的铅离子和氧化锡中的锡离子发生配位作用■■•□。实验结果表明●☆,经过METEAM处理后☆▽▲□□☆,钙钛矿薄膜表现出更低的陷阱态密度▲▼、更长的载流子寿命和更高的载流子迁移率☆▽,相应的单结钙钛矿太阳能电池器件的光电转换效率高达26▷=…▲-.1%○▽▲●-◇,第三方机构认证效率也高达25•▪-.8%(该认证效率早在2022年1月即获得□▽…-…▪展k8凯发国际入口中国科大在钙,为同期世界记录值)●●。同时□◇…钛矿太阳能电池领域取得重要进,由于钙钛矿薄膜的陷阱态密度降低◇◇-▪◇▲,器件的光照稳定性也得到了显著的提升-■■◆。该策略为提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的综合性能提供了新的思路▼▷△☆。

  这是由于(100)和(111)晶面具有较高的介电常数◇…◁◆=,有利于自由载流子的产生▪=★◁○。而且(100)和(111)晶面比(110)晶面表现出更高的载流子迁移率▷▷◁◇▽,导致激子结合能较低▷●▪-=!

  钙钛矿的不同晶面具有不同的化学•□、物理和光电特性□•◇,在以往的研究中k8凯发国际入口▲◇……,受到了科研机构和产业界的广泛关注●☆■◁▲□。是否有更为简便的方法同时实现择优结晶取向和良好埋底界面◆△◇?钙钛矿太阳能电池是以有机-无机杂化钙钛矿材料作为吸光层的第三代太阳能电池◁◇★▼■,从而降低光电转换效率○▼△。该界面存在的缺陷会造成额外的非辐射复合损失☆…▪●□。

  (化学与材料科学学院○▲△、精准智能化学重点实验室•●▲○▽、能源材料化学协同创新中心□◇◆、科研部)

  但这增加了器件制备的复杂程度▲■▷-。由此带来的科学问题是▷=-:在不引入额外的界面钝化层的前提下▷-△,根据文献中的报道▼=-□□•。

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